The direct results caused major disruptions to living conditions and commerce in coastal provinces of surrounded countries, including Aceh (Indonesia), Sri Lanka, Tamil Nadu (India) and Khao Lak (Thailand). These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Most of the victims were reported along the low-lying Xaafuun Peninsula. Raw power of the earth is scary. This greatly increased the geographical area over which the waves were observed, reaching as far as Mexico, Chile, and the Arctic. This is the story of some of those who survived and what they did to help afterwards. The number of deaths currently stands at 68 with 5 people missing. Oxfam went on to report that as many as four times more women than men were killed in some regions because they were waiting on the beach for the fishers to return and looking after their children in the houses. The eastern shores of Sri Lanka were the hardest hit since it faced the epicentre of the earthquake, while the southwestern shores were hit later, but the death toll was just as severe. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. The two main occupations affected by the tsunami were fishing and tourism. At that moment, everything was crazy. [76] Amateur camcorder footage taken by Israeli tourists showed the tsunami advancing inland suddenly as a small flood, gradually becoming more powerful and engulfing the whole beach and resort, with the tsunami carrying a yacht out to sea. Answer 3: Tsunamis are generated by waves due to vertical motion of Earth's crust caused by earthquakes. The 2004 Boxing Day Tsunami was a result of an underwater earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. Local video recorded that before the arrival of the tsunami, people can be seen swarming the beach to check on stranded fish from the exposed beach. Also, Italy offered US$95 million, increased later to US$113 million of which US$42 million was donated by the population using the SMS system[167] The first warning sign of a possible tsunami is the earthquake itself. [38] It also caused the Earth to minutely "wobble" on its axis by up to 25mm (1in) in the direction of 145 east longitude,[39] or perhaps by up to 50 or 60mm (2.0 or 2.4in). Which celebrity lost their parents in the tsunami? Tens of thousands were reported dead or missing in Sri Lanka and India, a large number of them from the Indian Andaman and Nicobar Islands territory. Large tsunamis have occurred in the United States and will undoubtedly occur again. The highest tsunami wave measured was 4m (13ft) at Vilufushi Island. Jpan survived the earthquake pretty well only they weren't ready for the massive 9.0 tsnami that followed Can bowel problems cause urinary problems? But villagers there are using an innovative microcredit scheme to restore mangrove forests and other coastal ecosystems that will serve as a natural barrier against future killer waves and storms. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. One of the survivors, a man named Cornelius . We were happy to help many people that day. I did this many times but my husband had never seen the underwater world. The tsunami and its aftermath were responsible for immense destruction and loss on the rim of the Indian Ocean. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. As the water came back, one food seller ran back and told everyone in that area to run away from the beachfront as far as possible. The momentum of the water displaced by tectonic uplift had also dragged massive slabs of rock, each weighing millions of tonnes, as far as 10km (6mi) across the seabed. Read about our approach to external linking. 250,000 people survived the 2004 Sumatra Tsunami. A series of huge waves triggered by an earthquake killed more than 230,000 people in 14 countries. [30] The U.S. Geological Survey sees no evidence of a causal relationship between these events. [23][24], Since 1900, the only earthquakes recorded with a greater magnitude were the 1960 Valdivia earthquake (magnitude 9.5) and the 1964 Alaska earthquake in Prince William Sound (magnitude 9.2). I continued without the speaker afterwards. Inundation was observed, along the east coast of South Andaman Island, restricted to Chidiyatapu, Burmanallah, Kodiaghat, Beadnabad, Corbyn's cove and Marina Park/Aberdeen Jetty areas. [140], Both the earthquake and the tsunami may have affected shipping in the Malacca Straits, which separate Malaysia and the Indonesian island of Sumatra, by changing the depth of the seabed and by disturbing navigational buoys and old shipwrecks. Between 1998-2017, tsunamis caused more than 250 000 deaths globally, including more than 227 000 deaths due to the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004. Each of these megathrust earthquakes also spawned tsunamis in the Pacific Ocean. Just clear tips and lifehacks for every day. The north bay of Phi Phi Don Island opens to the north-west in the direction of the tsunami. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. [21], Indonesia lies between the Pacific Ring of Fire along the north-eastern islands adjacent to New Guinea, and the Alpide belt that runs along the south and west from Sumatra, Java, Bali, Flores to Timor. Some people survived . [64][65] I told my team: 'What a perfect day to be in the sea. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. with a marginal drop in sea level. How many peoples survived tsunami 2004? Where did the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami occur? Some 37,000 people are missing. Run-up measurements along the Sri Lankan coasts are at 2.44.11m (7ft 10in 13ft 6in). The tsunami caused one of the largest natural disasters in recorded history, killing at least 225,000 people across a dozen countries, with Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Maldives, and Thailand sustaining massive damage. [36], The earthquake generated a seismic oscillation of the Earth's surface of up to 200300mm (812in), equivalent to the effect of the tidal forces caused by the Sun and Moon. The Boxing Day tsunami would be the deadliest in recorded history, taking a staggering 230,000 lives in a matter of hours. Because of the distances involved, the tsunami took anywhere from fifteen minutes to seven hours to reach the coastlines. This is unusual since earthquakes of magnitude eight or more occur only about once per year on average. This was a result of the high proportion of children in the populations of many of the affected regions and because children were the least able to resist being overcome by the surging waters. Indonesian officials estimated that the death toll there alone ultimately exceeded 200,000, particularly in northern Sumatras Aceh province. Survivors walk through the debris on Phuket's Patong beach the day after the tsunami Shortly before 08:00 on 26 December 2004, a magnitude-9.1 earthquake struck under the sea in northern. Waves of up to 30 metres were recorded as the tsunami swept through Aceh, the hardest hit region of Indonesia. It is thought that approximately 10,000 British nationals were in the affected region when the tsunami struck. [65], Lhoknga is a small coastal community about 13km (8.1mi) south-west of Banda Aceh, located on a flat coastal plain in between two rainforest-covered hills, overlooking a large bay and famous for its large swathe of white sandy beach and surfing activities. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. One of the few coastal areas to evacuate ahead of the tsunami was on the Indonesian island of Simeulue, close to the epicentre. The second wave was the strongest. In some cases, there are no warning signs at all: the sea will suddenly swell without retreating, surprising many people and giving them little time to flee. In addition to a large number of local residents, up to 9,000 foreign tourists (mostly Europeans) enjoying the peak holiday travel season were among the dead or missing, especially people from the Nordic countries. Mara Beln (born May 12, 1966) is a Spanish physician and motivational speaker, known for surviving the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami when she was on vacation in Thailand with her husband Enrique (Quique) lvarez and three sons Lucas, Simn and Toms. Early signs and warnings. Officials also hoped that piracy in the region would drop off, since the tsunami had killed pirates and destroyed their boats. The Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 lasted for seven hours and reached out across the Indian Ocean, devastating coastal areas of Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, Maldives, and Thailand, and as far away as East Africa. I noticed the temple ground covered in blood and lymph. Countries/Territory that lost citizens while abroad. There was also a great concern that the death toll could increase as disease and hunger spread. The Boxing Day tsunami would be the deadliest in recorded history, taking a staggering 230,000 lives in a matter of hours. [17] Although the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center has accepted these new numbers, the United States Geological Survey has, as of 2022, so far not changed its estimate of 9.1. Where did people evacuate before the 2004 tsunami? However, between 2013 and 2014, piracy incidents rose dramatically by 73.2% to exceed pre-tsunami levels. Banda Aceh, the closest major city, suffered severe casualties. On December 26, 2004, a massive tsunami triggered by an earthquake off the coast of Sumatra, Indonesia, killed more than 230,000 people in 14 countries. Other aftershocks of up to magnitude 6.6 continued to shake the region daily for three or four months. All of a sudden, we lost the power and we felt the earthquake. [44] These satellites carry radars that measure precisely the height of the water surface; anomalies in the order of 500mm (20in) were measured. Video footage revealed torrents of black water, surging by windows of a two-story residential area situated about 3.2km (2.0mi) inland. Sathaporn Sawangpuk - captain of the Mahidol ship, We were on our way back from a month-long marine research trip in the Indian Ocean. [126], Salted-over soil becomes sterile, and it is difficult and costly to restore for agriculture. At 10:00, I started to hear local food sellers, they were pointing to the beach. 5 Reasons to Update Your Business Operations, Get the Best Sleep Ever in 5 Simple Steps, How to Pack for Your Next Trip Somewhere Cold, Manage Your Money More Efficiently in 5 Steps, Ranking the 5 Most Spectacular NFL Stadiums in 2023. [42], In February 2005, the Royal Navy vessel HMSScott surveyed the seabed around the earthquake zone, which varies in depth between 1,000 and 5,000m (550 and 2,730 fathoms; 3,300 and 16,400ft). 89. It didn't look like the killer wave you see in the movies. Then I rolled back to sleep. The measured tsunami height was 4.6m (15ft) in the port. [162], The changes in the distribution of masses inside the Earth due to the earthquake had several consequences. Australia, India, Japan and the United States formed an ad-hoc corroborative group, and it was the origin of Quadrilateral Security Dialogue. [103], Relief agencies reported that one third of the dead appeared to be children. She and her boyfriend were both injured but survived. [7] 3 Wendall A. Phillips. The construction of seawalls and breakwaters reduced the power of waves at some locations. He was a painter and it was meant to be the last working day for him before a long break. [57] On Maikhao Beach in north Phuket City, Thailand, a 10-year-old British tourist named Tilly Smith had studied tsunamis in geography at school and recognised the warning signs of the receding ocean and frothing bubbles. The tsunami heights from the 2004 December earthquake were not more than 3m (9.8ft) along the Myanmar coast, the amplitudes were slightly large off the Ayeyarwaddy Delta, probably because the shallow delta caused a concentration in tsunami energy. [82] A video recorded by locals showed the tsunami flooding the beach and villages, causing despair amongst the villagers. The tsunami of 2004 and the little girl in the Christmas dress; . Some 37,000 people are missing. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. I continued to sit there waiting to get an emergency call. So many people were running away from the water. The surface waves can be clearly seen to reinforce near the antipode (with the closest seismic stations in Ecuador), and to subsequently encircle the planet to return to the epicentral region after about 200 minutes. 12/22/14 AT 2:45 PM GMT. [93], Interviews with local people indicate that they did not feel the earthquake in Taninthayi Division or Ayeyarwaddy Delta. He told me: 'This can't be good.'. Being rich in coral reefs, the Maldives provides an opportunity for scientists to assess the impact of a tsunami on coral atolls. The tsunami in Khao Lak was bigger due to offshore coral reefs and shallow seafloor which caused the tsunami to pile-up. More than 100 survivors of the tsunami along with bereaved relatives f A notable exception was the 1958 tsunami triggered by a landslide in a narrow bay on Alaskas coast. I hopped back in my truck and drove up the hill. The tsunami was noticed as far as Struisbaai in South Africa, about 8,500km (5,300mi) away, where a 1.5-metre-high (5ft) tide surged on shore about 16 hours after the earthquake. Before the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami reached Sri Lanka, many animals, like this elephant, moved to high ground and survived. The tsunami height was reduced from 12m (39ft) at Ulee Lheue to 6m (20ft) a further 8km (5.0mi) to the north-east. These volatiles rise into the overlying plate, causing partial melting and the formation of magma. A 1,720 foot tsunami towered over Lituya Bay, a quiet fjord in Alaska, after an earthquake rumbled 13 miles away. In 1782, about 40,000 people are thought to have been killed by a tsunami (or a cyclone) in the South China Sea. The flow depth at the city was just at the level of the second floor, and there were large amounts of debris piled along the streets and in the ground-floor storefronts. The most damaging tsunami on record before 2004 was the one that killed an estimated 40,000 people in 1782 following an earthquake in the South China Sea. [66], A group of small islands: Weh, Breueh, Nasi, Teunom, Bunta, Lumpat, and Batee lie just north of the capital city. Local eyewitnesses described three large waves, with the first wave rising gently to the foundation of the buildings, followed minutes later by a sudden withdrawal of the sea near the port of Ulee Lheue. [72] In Sri Lanka, the civilian casualties were second only to those in Indonesia, with approximately 35,000 killed. Indonesia was the worst-hit country, with more than 120,000 dead. An estimated 1,600km (1,000mi) of fault surface slipped (or ruptured) about 15m (50ft) along the subduction zone where the Indian Plate slides under (or subducts) the overriding Burma Plate. [95], Bangladesh escaped major damage and deaths because the water displaced by the strike-slip fault was relatively little on the northern section of the rupture zone, which ruptured slowly. Because of its enormous energy release and shallow rupture depth, the earthquake generated remarkable seismic ground motions around the globe, particularly due to huge Rayleigh (surface) elastic waves that exceeded 10mm (0.4in) in vertical amplitude everywhere on Earth. Many villages in the state of Andhra Pradesh were destroyed. This was succeeded by the appearance of two large black-coloured steep waves which then travelled inland into the capital city as a large turbulent bore. Also, in the minutes preceding a tsunami strike, the sea sometimes recedes temporarily from the coast, which was observed on the eastern earthquake rupture zone such as the coastlines of Aceh, Phuket island, and Khao Lak area in Thailand, Penang island of Malaysia, and the Andaman and Nicobar islands. It also benefited from the fact that the earthquake proceeded more slowly in the northern rupture zone, greatly reducing the energy of the water displacements in that region. [82] Most of the people killed were members of the fishing community. But, do not risk your life and attempt to motor your boat into deep water if it is too close to wave arrival time. My son's three friends told me he was missing. The country has a total of 77 tsunamis on record. I chuckled at what I saw but it wasn't long before I realised something was wrong. Boats are safer from tsunami damage while in the deep ocean ( > 100 m) rather than moored in a harbor. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. In the distant horizon, gigantic black waves about 30m (98ft) high made explosion-like sounds as it broke and approached the shore. The second and third waves came in 10-minute intervals after the first. Its over 1,700-foot wave was the largest ever recorded for a tsunami. The tsunami that struck Indonesia in 2004 obliterated vast areas of Aceh province. The magnitude of the earthquake that caused the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 was 9.1. Should a tsunami occur and you cannot get to higher ground, stay inside where you are protected from the water. The 2004 tsunami was the more devastating tsunami in damage, with a death toll of more than 5,000 deaths, but the Lituya Bay mega-tsunami was roughly 15 times higher but only a death toll of 4 or . [70], The greatest run-up height of the tsunami was measured at a hill between Lhoknga and Leupung, on the western coast of the northern tip of Sumatra, near Banda Aceh, and reached 51m (167ft). You may find some of the details distressing. Eyewitnesses compared the tsunami with the "rainy-season high tide"; although at most locations, the tsunami height was similar or smaller than the "rainy-season high tide" level. Coastal villages were destroyed by the waves. According to Oxfam, five million people were affected of which 1.7m were made homeless, half a million were injured and more than 230,000 were killed. The sea was quite calm, the sky was so clear and blue. Unicef officials estimate that of the 30,000 people killed by the tsunamis in Sri Lanka, at least 10,000 were children. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. [23] This quake, together with the Great Alaskan earthquake (1964) and the Great Chilean earthquake (1960), account for almost half of the total moment. [97][98], Tidal surges also occurred along the Western Australian coast that lasted for several hours, resulting in boats losing their moorings and two people needing to be rescued. Over the next seven hours, a tsunamia series of immense ocean wavestriggered by the quake reached out across the Indian Ocean, devastating coastal areas as far away as East Africa. In recent years the fishery industry has emerged as a dynamic export-oriented sector, generating substantial foreign exchange earnings. Tens of thousands were reported dead or missing in Sri Lanka and India, a large number of them from the Indian Andaman and Nicobar Islands territory. I heard on my walkie-talkie that the second wave had hit. Thus, the state of Kerala was hit by the tsunami despite being on the western coast of India, and the western coast of Sri Lanka suffered substantial impacts. Several thousand non-Asian tourists vacationing in the region also were reported dead or missing. Another factor is that some coasts of Taninthayi Division were protected by the Myeik Archipelago. [76] The tsunami heights were 56m (1620ft) and the inundated depth was about 2m (6.6ft). Dr Weerawit Sarideepan - then-doctor at Vachira Phuket Hospital. Jennifer Ouellette - Mar 4, 2019 12:19 pm UTC Helicopter surveys showed entire settlements virtually destroyed with destruction within miles inland, and only some mosques left standing. The earthquake was the third-largest ever recorded based upon seismographic measurements, the largest in the 21st century and had the longest duration of faulting ever observed, between eight and ten minutes. Many people were seen being swept out . Ghosh Roy. [165], Nations all over the world provided over US$14 billion in aid for damaged regions,[166] with the governments of Australia pledging US$819.9 million (including a US$760.6 million aid package for Indonesia), Germany offering US$660 million, Japan offering US$500 million, Canada offering US$343 million, Norway and the Netherlands offering both US$183 million, the United States offering US$35 million initially (increased to US$350 million), and the World Bank offering US$250 million. A video, taken by a local restaurant manager from a hill adjacent to the beach, showed that the tsunami's arrival was preceded by a sudden retreat of the sea exposing the seafloor. [150] Saudi cleric Muhammad Al-Munajjid attributed it to divine retribution against non-Muslim vacationers "who used to sprawl all over the beaches and in pubs overflowing with wine" during Christmas break. Notable people killed in the 2004 Asian tsunami: Jane Attenborough, 49, British arts administrator, daughter of actor Richard Attenborough. The raising of the seafloor significantly reduced the capacity of the Indian Ocean, producing a permanent rise in the global sea level by an estimated 0.1mm (0.004in).[27]. Bangladesh, which lies at the northern end of the Bay of Bengal, had few casualties despite being a low-lying country relatively near the epicentre. The United Nations estimated at the outset that the relief operation would be the costliest in human history. [82], The tsunami run-up was only 1.6m (5.2ft) in areas in the state of Tamil Nadu shielded by the island of Sri Lanka but was 45m (1316ft) in coastal districts such as Nagapattinam in Tamil Nadu directly across from Sumatra. [citation needed] Then-UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan stated that reconstruction would probably take between five and ten years. The earthquake was the third-most-powerful earthquake recorded since 1900. As we tried to help more people in the supermarket, I heard from outside that another wave was coming. Theme: Envo Blog. The city of Pondicherry, protected by seawalls was relatively unscathed. Local camcorder footage showed the tsunami surging inland and flooding camping equipment at the Similan Islands while the tsunami caught tourists unaware at the Surin Islands, and dragging them out towards the sea. Geological Survey of India Special Publication no. The maximum runup height of almost 9m (30ft) was recorded in Bandarbeyla. By 19:00, hundreds of dead bodies start to arrive. In Indonesias Aceh province in Northern Sumatra, waves reached 167 feet (51 meters) and caused flooding up to three miles (five kilometers) inland. How many people died in the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004? [20] Splay faults, or secondary "pop up faults", caused long, narrow parts of the seafloor to pop up in seconds. Some economists believe that damage to the affected national economies will be minor because losses in the tourism and fishing industries are a relatively small percentage of the GDP. What is causing the plague in Thebes and how can it be fixed? Petra Nemcova, supermodel who survived 2004 Indonesia tsunami, helps rebuild school hit by Hurricane Harvey. Moments later, the ocean floor was exposed as much as 1km (0.62mi) in places, which was followed by massive second and third waves. Coasts that have a landmass between them and the tsunami's location of origin are usually safe; however, tsunami waves can sometimes diffract around such landmasses. The Indian Ocean Tsunami warning system was formed in early 2005 to provide an early warning of tsunamis for inhabitants around the Indian Ocean coasts. [101] However, the estimated number of dead and missing in Indonesia were later reduced by over 50,000. She and her boyfriend were both. Anthropologists had initially expected the aboriginal population of the Andaman Islands to be badly affected by the tsunami and even feared the already depopulated Onge tribe could have been wiped out. As I sat there, I felt the earthquake at around 08:00. About 10 minutes later, the sea receded for a while before the tsunami arrived again as a large wall of water looming over the skyline and flooding the coast. . [4] Radar satellites recorded the heights of tsunami waves in deep water: maximum height was at 600mm (2ft) two hours after the earthquake, the first such observations ever made. On December 26, 2004, at 7:59 am local time, an undersea earthquake with a magnitude of 9.1 struck off the coast of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. They said they needed a place to put dead bodies from the wave so I had to be on standby at the temple waiting for the hospital to deliver the bodies. Answer: I resided in Banda Aceh when tsunami occured back in 2004. my home located around 4.5 km from the sea, which is ulee lheue beach. Water sanitation and health: WHO technical notes for emergencies. [73] The degradation of the natural environment in Sri Lanka contributed to the high death tolls. Epidemics were of particular concern due to the high population density and tropical climate of the affected areas. Moreover, the cost of damage in the transport sector was reported in the tens of thousands. Although the extreme western edge of the Ring of Fire extends into the Indian Ocean (the point where the earthquake struck), no warning system exists in that ocean. The locals reported 10 to 12 waves, with the second and third being the highest and most destructive. 14", "Asia-Pacific | 'Hundreds feared dead' in Burma", "The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Disaster: Evaluation of UNICEF's response (emergency and recovery phase). Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Wittaya Tantawanich - emergency worker, Patong beach. This rare sight reportedly induced people, especially children, to visit the coast to investigate and collect stranded fish on as much as 2.5km (1.6mi) of exposed beach, with fatal results. 250,000 people survived the 2004 Sumatra Tsunami. One of the few coastal areas to evacuate ahead of the tsunami was on the Indonesian island of Simeulue, close to the epicentre. Many soldiers have fought in and survived warseven being POWs on different occasionsbut some had to endure it more than once. Some of them were still alive but many of them were dead. As I looked toward the shore of the island, I saw one big wave hit the beach and sweep umbrellas and chairs down into the sea. [148], Many health professionals and aid workers have reported widespread psychological trauma associated with the tsunami. I said the prayer into the microphone, so everyone could hear it. The maximum inundation limit due to tsunami water was about 500m (1,600ft). Around 289 fatalities were reported in the Horn of Africa, drowned by four tsunami waves. Tsunamis are giant waves that are produced when a large volume of water is displaced in an ocean or large lake by an earthquake, volcanic eruption, underwater landslide or meteorite. The low-lying island country of Maldives reported more than a hundred casualties and immense economic damage. The tsunami reached a run-up of 1020m (3366ft) on the western shorelines of Breueh Island and Nasi Island. Samran Chanyang - master of ceremonies and mortician at Yan Yao temple. Lang's brother survived, but Rubina Wong did not. bella vista catholic charities housing; wills point tx funeral homes; ptvi triathlon distance; is frankie beverly in the hospital; birria tacos long branch; After the tsunami, there was some concern that the country might be submerged entirely and become uninhabitable. Edie Fassnidge lost both her mother and sister in the tsunami. No one panicked or worried. Due to close proximity to the earthquake, the tsunami took just minutes to devastate the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Their seismic moments can account for a significant fraction of the global seismic moment across century-scale periods. Indonesia was the worst affected area, with most death toll estimates at around 170,000. This ripple effect could especially be felt in the inland provinces of Thailand, such as Krabi, which acted as a starting point for many other tourist destinations in Thailand. I told my wife that it must be from the car outside. Scientists investigating the damage in Aceh found evidence that the wave reached a height of 24 m (80 ft) when coming ashore along large stretches of the coastline, rising to 30 m (100 ft) in some areas when travelling inland. I contacted my friend who was in the navy and he told me it was a tsunami. how many people survived the 2004 tsunami.
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